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朝鮮半島分断以前の、鉱床の地図と文献に関する研究
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By TK
Funds go to TK Keep it all 松山市, 愛媛県, JP Report
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→ English page

https://biglode.com/ja/tsuchida

朝鮮半島の鉱床に関して、日本の地質家だった祖父が 1944 年に著した 1 冊の本を中心に、私たちは研究しています。資金が必要になるのは、その作業量が膨大だからです。当時の古い情報からなる参考文献を読み解くために、各情報源と根拠(文字情報や地図など)を探し、正誤を検証し、補正、整理して、複数言語で公開資料としてまとめる作業です。

私がこの本を見た当初、興味をあまり感じませんでした。半島の学術的調査の歴史や、金銀などの鉱床の名前と短くて貧弱な説明などが並んでいて、情報が少なく 役に立たない本に見えたからです。しかも、著者が序文にも書いているように、時節柄「図表が無い」のです。

私は むしろ そのような内容の薄さが気になり、この本に地図や解説を補って、英語とハングル/チョソングルなど言語の対訳も付けて公開しよう、と考えるようになりました。

https://biglode.com/ja/tsuchida

すぐに思いついたのは、各鉱床の位置を特定する作業です。第二次世界大戦が終わりに近づく当時、金の需給バランスの変化などにより、半島では金銀鉱床だけでも多くの(資料によると 1,000 箇所以上)の鉱床が閉山になりました。その後 時代の大きな変化を経て、それらの鉱床は、現代でも文字通り埋もれたままです。それらの地形図上の位置を特定しておくと、いずれ役に立つかもしれません。

便利なことに、近年では世界中の大勢のかたの努力により、当時の地形図も鉱床の所在地が書かれた文献も、データベースとして公開され、維持されています。

https://biglode.com/ja/tsuchida

ところが、鉱床の位置を調べ始めてすぐに、この作業には障害となる問題がいくつもあって、最難問のパズルのように複雑で手間がかかる、ということに気付きました。最大の問題は「経時変化」です。1900ごろ~1944 の半世紀に様々な事柄や日本語が変化しました。

例えば、鉱区の稼行状況、行政区画の統廃合や新設、地形図、鉄道、技術、科学的知見、法令などが変化したため、地名や語句が文献間で対応しにくい場合があります。

日本語の変化は、調査結果を論じたり公開したりするサイトの多言語化に影響します。漢字で書かれた地名の読みかたが判らない場合、日本語ローマ字や ひらがな を付加できません。

例えば、朝鮮半島の 北緯 38.1 度付近で西に貼り出した岬「長山串」は、1 / 200,000 地形図の図幅名にもなっています。この 3 文字の漢字のそれぞれは現代でも日常的に使いますが、日本語母語者であっても、この 3 文字からなる地名の(日本語での)読みかたを知る人は少ないはずです。私たちの公開サイトにまとめてある通り、読みかたの根拠は、複数の資料を調べることで見つかります。

さらに、資料には誤りや判読不能箇所もあるので、可能な限り多くの文献を見比べる必要があります。

https://biglode.com/ja/tsuchida

このプロジェクトには何段階かのフェーズとゴールがあります。フェーズ 1 は 2023 年までにほぼ達成しました。

フェーズ 1 (完了):

  • 「朝鮮鉱床論 (1944 発行)」再録版 PDF の公開。
  • 1 / 50k 地形図に含まれる府/郡/島をデータベース化して日本語での検索機能を公開。
  • 1 / 200k と 1 / 50k 地形図のインデクスを作成、公開。
  • 1 / 200k 地形図の区画タイトル(66 個)を日本語ローマ字とハングルに翻訳、公開。
  • 公開されているパブリックドメイン地形図の ゆがみを おおまかに補正。

今後のフェーズは まだ漠然としていますが、作業量が指数関数的に膨れ上がりそうなので、今までのような単独作業では人的パワーが追い付きそうにありません。まず多言語のコミュニティを作り、目標の成果物を大勢で作り上げるプロジェクトを並行に進めるのが良さそうに思えます。そのためには、wiki、フォーラム、バージョン管理システム(version control)のようなオープンで拡張性のある仕掛けを導入するのが有効かもしれません。

私にとって空の wiki やフォーラムを作るのは容易ですが、各言語やサブプロジェクトごとのモデレータをどのように決めるかとか、サーバ容量と費用をどう想定するかについては、まだイメージが固まっていません。今回の募金の有無にかかわらず、公開サイトの問い合わせページからご意見等お寄せ下さい。

https://biglode.com/ja/tsuchida

フェーズ 2 以降(計画のみ):

  • ハングル/チョソングルと英語(必要ならのさらに他の言語)でのコミュニティ(wiki やフォーラム) の運営計画策定、運営スタッフ募集、サーバ準備、実地展開。
  • サブプロジェクトの策定。
  • 行政区画便覧などから町/洞/里の情報(20,000+)を各年について抜き出し、時系列を含めてデータベース化。
  • 1 / 50k 地形図のタイトル(700+)と府/郡/島について、日本語の読みかたとハングル表記を調査、判ったものをデータベースに追加。
  • 大正期(1917 年前後)と昭和初期(1926~1944 年)の各 1 / 50k 地形図に含まれる邑/面、町/洞/里(28,000+)をデータベース化。
  • 1 / 50k 地形図中の道境、郡境、面境、三角点、主要な等高線などをベクター画像にトレース。
  • 大正期(1917 年前後)と昭和初期(1926~1944 年)の地形図から、シームレス地図を策定、実装。
https://biglode.com/ja/tsuchida
(日本語 / English / 한글)(日本語 / English / 한글)

 

キーワード:
朝鮮半島, 地形図, 地名, 日本語, 多言語, 漢字, 鉱床, 金銀, 土田 定次郎, 朝鮮鉱床論, 行政区画, 鉱区一覧, 鉄道, 官報, 図鑑, 物性, 地質調査所, 燃料選鉱研究所, 地質図, 地質系統(層序), 翻訳, 時系列, 時間軸, 経時変化, 19 世紀前半, 公開資料, 出所の根拠の調査/検証

키워드:
한반도, 지형도, 지명, 일본어, 다국어, 한자, 광상, 금은, 土田 定次郎 (츠치다 사다지로?), 朝鮮鉱床論 (조선광상론?), 행정구획, 광구 일람, 철도, 관보, 도감, 물성, 地質調査所 (지질조사소?), 燃料選鉱研究所 (연료선광연구소?), 지질도, 층서학, 번역, 시계열, 시간축, 시간에 따른 변화, 19세기 전반, 온라인에 공개된 자료, 출처에 대한 근거조사 및 검증

Keywords:
Korean Peninsula, Topographic Map, Place Name, Japanese, Multilingual, Kanji, Ore Deposit, Gold and Silver, 土田 定次郎  (Tsuchida Sadajirō, Sadajiro Tsuchida), 朝鮮鉱床論 (Ore Deposits of Chosen (Korea)?), Administrative districts, Mine list, Railway, Official Gazette, Pictorial books, Physical Properties, 地質調査所 (Geological Survey Institute?), 燃料選鉱研究所 (Fuel Sorting Research Institute?), Geological Map, Stratigraphic charts, Translation, Time series, Time axis, Changes over time, First half of the 19th century, Materials published online, Investigating and verifying the basis of sources

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